Comparison of Four Plant-Based Bio-Coagulants Performances against Alum and Ferric Chloride in the Turbidity Improvement of Bentonite Synthetic Water

Due to their cost-effectiveness, low toxicity, and naturally renewable properties, bio-coagulants for water treatment are gaining popularity. In this context, four were tested ability in turbidity reduction a synthetic bentonite suspension: Opuntia ficus indica (OFI) Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds, two well-established vegetal materials the domain of bio-coagulation, Algerian Aloe vera (AV) Pinus halepensis seeds (PHS), both which have received very few or no study wastewater. A comparative was conducted with regard well-known inorganic coagulants, ferric chloride Alum. Extraction salts, pH, coagulant dose, initial turbidity, aging effects examined. When compared chemical worked well, removing approximately 100% at natural pH 7.5 using optimal doses 1.5, 3, 3.5, 1.5 mL/200 mL AV, OFI, MO, PHS, Alum, FeCl3, respectively, broad range (2 8), causing alteration treated water. Polysaccharides proteins involved inter-particle bridging charge neutralization may be active coagulation-flocculation molecules. The produced less sludge amount than Alum Ferric chloride. This research not only shows that MO OFI effective eliminating but it also highlights great potential AV PHS as promising polluted